1794-ACNR15XT(羅克韋爾)
1794-ACNR15XT
長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看,如此快速的固定成本增長(zhǎng)對(duì)單位成本的影響僅有部分能被強(qiáng)勁的整體半導(dǎo)體市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)所抵消(1996-2016m年復(fù)合增長(zhǎng)率為5%),這使半導(dǎo)體制造商能夠在更大的數(shù)量上分?jǐn)偣潭ǔ杀?。固定成本每年增長(zhǎng)13%與市場(chǎng)每年增長(zhǎng)5%之間的巨大缺口中的剩余部分,可能將導(dǎo)致競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力較弱的參與者退出市場(chǎng),而其余參與者則通過(guò)大量籌碼來(lái)攤銷其固定成本。
如圖4(b)所示,該行業(yè)確實(shí)存在著巨大的整合,生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)先芯片的公司越來(lái)越少。從2002/2003到2014/2015/2016,擁有領(lǐng)先晶圓廠的半導(dǎo)體制造商數(shù)量已從25家減少到只有4家:英特爾、TSMC、三星和格羅方德。而格羅方德近期宣布,他們將不會(huì)繼續(xù)下一個(gè)技術(shù)節(jié)點(diǎn)的開發(fā)。
我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種合并很有可能是由于固定成本快速上升且市場(chǎng)規(guī)模僅適度增長(zhǎng)帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)惡化所致。通過(guò)一些計(jì)算,可以看出市場(chǎng)整合在多大程度上改善了半導(dǎo)體行業(yè)額經(jīng)濟(jì)性。如果將市場(chǎng)平均分配給不同公司,則意味著平均市場(chǎng)份額將從2002/2003年的增長(zhǎng)到2014/2015/2016年的。以復(fù)合年增長(zhǎng)率表示,這將是14%。這意味著生產(chǎn)商可以通過(guò)市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)并占有現(xiàn)有工廠的市場(chǎng)份額(13%《5%+ 14%)來(lái)彌補(bǔ)晶圓廠建設(shè)日益惡化的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況。
實(shí)際上,市場(chǎng)不是平均分配的。英特爾在市場(chǎng)上占有主導(dǎo)地位,結(jié)果,英特爾也無(wú)法以這種方式抵消固定成本的增長(zhǎng)。實(shí)際上,在過(guò)去十年中,英特爾固定成本與其可變成本的比率已從60%上升到100%以上,這一點(diǎn)尤為引人注目,因?yàn)榻陙?lái),英特爾放慢了發(fā)布新節(jié)點(diǎn)大小的步伐,預(yù)計(jì)這將降低他們進(jìn)行固定成本投資的步伐。
市場(chǎng)整合抵消固定成本增長(zhǎng)的能力只能持續(xù)一定時(shí)間。如果我們預(yù)測(cè)當(dāng)前趨勢(shì),那么到2026年至2032年(取決于市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)率),領(lǐng)先的半導(dǎo)體制造將只能支持單個(gè)壟斷制造商,并且每年為新工藝節(jié)點(diǎn)建造新設(shè)施的固定成本將等于年度行業(yè)收入。需要說(shuō)明的是,我們的論斷并不是說(shuō)這要在2020年代末成為現(xiàn)實(shí),而是強(qiáng)調(diào)當(dāng)前的趨勢(shì)會(huì)無(wú)法持續(xù),并且在大約10年內(nèi)制造商將被迫大大放慢新工藝節(jié)點(diǎn)的發(fā)布速度,并尋找其他控制成本的方法,這兩者都會(huì)進(jìn)一步減緩?fù)ㄓ锰幚砥鞯奶嵘M(jìn)度。
碎片化循環(huán)。碎片化循環(huán)周期的三個(gè)部分中,在每個(gè)部分之間都會(huì)相互增強(qiáng)的情況下,我們希望看到越來(lái)越多的用戶能看到通用處理器的及其微小的改進(jìn),從而轉(zhuǎn)為關(guān)注專用處理器。對(duì)于那些有極高需求和非常適合專業(yè)化計(jì)算(例如深度學(xué)習(xí))的人,這將意味著性能上巨大的提高。對(duì)于其他人來(lái)說(shuō),專用化將不是一個(gè)合適的選擇,它們將會(huì)留在通用處理器上,并且發(fā)展速度會(huì)越來(lái)越慢。
1794-ACNR15XT
0022505 - FOXBORO
0022510 - FOXBORO
0022705 - FOXBORO
0039463 - FOXBORO
0051189 - FOXBORO
101-2 - FOXBORO
101-4 - FOXBORO
10114KX - FOXBORO
10115BP - FOXBORO
1012 - FOXBORO
1014 - FOXBORO
111 - FOXBORO
111-A - FOXBORO
111-A-L - FOXBORO
111A - FOXBORO
111AL - FOXBORO
112 - FOXBORO
113 - FOXBORO
11GMBS1 - FOXBORO
121003D - FOXBORO
1210GL - FOXBORO
122-FE - FOXBORO
122FE - FOXBORO
123-EF - FOXBORO
123EF - FOXBORO
12620 - FOXBORO
12621 - FOXBORO
12622 - FOXBORO
127S3EA5 - FOXBORO
12A - FOXBORO
12A-0-60C - FOXBORO
12A-75-200C - FOXBORO
12A060C - FOXBORO
12A75200C - FOXBORO
130FB-N4 - FOXBORO
130FB-N4-A - FOXBORO
130FBN4 - FOXBORO
130FBN4A - FOXBORO
130FD-N - FOXBORO
130FD-N-C-L - FOXBORO
130FD-N-ECEP - FOXBORO
130FDN - FOXBORO
130FDNCL - FOXBORO
130FDNECEP - FOXBORO
130FK-N4-C-L - FOXBORO
130FK-N4-C-L/CUSTOM - FOXBORO
130FK-N5-C-L/CUSTOM - FOXBORO
130FKN4CL - FOXBORO
130FKN4CLCUSTOM - FOXBORO
130FKN5CLCUSTOM - FOXBORO
130FN4 - FOXBORO
130K-N4-LL - FOXBORO
130K-N4-LLPF/CUSTOM - FOXBORO
130K-N5-ECRB - FOXBORO
130KN4LL - FOXBORO
130KN4LLPFCUSTOM - FOXBORO
130KN4SF - FOXBORO
130KN5ECRB - FOXBORO
130M-N2 - FOXBORO
130M-N4 - FOXBORO
130M-N4-ECRB - FOXBORO
130M-N5 - FOXBORO
130M-N5-D - FOXBORO
130M-N5/ECRB - FOXBORO
130M/N4-PR - FOXBORO
130MD-N - FOXBORO
130MDN - FOXBORO
130MN2 - FOXBORO
130MN4 - FOXBORO
130MN4ECRB - FOXBORO
130MN5 - FOXBORO
130MN5D - FOXBORO
130MN5ECRB - FOXBORO
130P-N4 - FOXBORO
130PD-N - FOXBORO
130PDN - FOXBORO
130PN4 - FOXBORO
130ZY-N4 - FOXBORO
130ZYN4 - FOXBORO
135B - FOXBORO
135KTG-LL - FOXBORO
135KTGLL - FOXBORO
135S - FOXBORO
135S-C-L - FOXBORO
135SCL - FOXBORO
135SG - FOXBORO
135T - FOXBORO
135T-W/102-NO - FOXBORO
135TG - FOXBORO
135TW102NO - FOXBORO
136 - FOXBORO
136-1 - FOXBORO
136-2 - FOXBORO
136-4-1 - FOXBORO
136-4-3 - FOXBORO
136-5-1 - FOXBORO
136-7-11 - FOXBORO
136-7-31 - FOXBORO
136-7-51 - FOXBORO
136-7-61 - FOXBORO
1361 - FOXBORO
1362 - FOXBORO
13641 - FOXBORO
13643 - FOXBORO
13651 - FOXBORO
136711 - FOXBORO
136731 - FOXBORO
136751 - FOXBORO
136761 - FOXBORO
138LP-4-C - FOXBORO
138LP4B - FOXBORO
138LP4C - FOXBORO
138SP-4 - FOXBORO
138SP-4-D - FOXBORO
138SP-4-E - FOXBORO
138SP4D - FOXBORO
138SP4E - FOXBORO
13A - FOXBORO
13A1-MK2 - FOXBORO
13AHS2 - FOXBORO
13AMS2L - FOXBORO
13AMS3 - FOXBORO
13FA-MS315-0-100WC - FOXBORO
13FA1 - FOXBORO
13T-S04 - FOXBORO
13TS04 - FOXBORO
141GP - FOXBORO
14A - FOXBORO
16AA - FOXBORO
1700-010 - FOXBORO
1700-575 - FOXBORO
1700010 - FOXBORO
1700024 - FOXBORO
1700575 - FOXBORO
1BA-EB45-M2-C2A-500-4000 - FOXBORO
1BAEB45M2C2A5004 - FOXBORO
202S-04-XXXX - FOXBORO
202S-05-XSFSF - FOXBORO
202S-05-XXXXX - FOXBORO
202S-06 - FOXBORO
202S-06-AISFS - FOXBORO
202S-07 - FOXBORO
202S-07-SSSFSSESNF - FOXBORO
202S-10-SNFSFSNFSFSNFSS - FOXBORO
202S-10-SNSSSNSSNSF - FOXBORO
202S-10-SSNSSSNSSN - FOXBORO
202S-10-SSNSSSSSSN - FOXBORO
202S-10-SSSFSFSSFSFSSS - FOXBORO
202S-10-SSSFSNSNSSN - FOXBORO
202S-10-SSSNSNSSNS - FOXBORO
202S-10-SSSSSFSFSSSS - FOXBORO
202S-10-SSSSSNSNSS - FOXBORO
202S04XXXX - FOXBORO
202S05XSFSF - FOXBORO
202S05XXXXX - FOXBORO
202S06 - FOXBORO
202S06AISFS - FOXBORO
202S07 - FOXBORO
202S07SSSFSSESNF - FOXBORO
202S10SNFSFSNFSF - FOXBORO
202S10SNSSSNSSNS - FOXBORO
202S10SSNSSSNSSN - FOXBORO
202S10SSNSSSSSSN - FOXBORO
202S10SSSFSFSSFS - FOXBORO
202S10SSSFSNSNSS - FOXBORO
202S10SSSNSNSSNS - FOXBORO
202S10SSSSSFSFSS - FOXBORO
202S10SSSSSNSNSS - FOXBORO
210-1 - FOXBORO
2101 - FOXBORO
2107225720 - FOXBORO
2107225761 - FOXBORO
210S-1 - FOXBORO
210S-2 - FOXBORO
210S1 - FOXBORO
210S2 - FOXBORO
220S-2F6 - FOXBORO
220S-3F6 - FOXBORO
220S-3F6-C - FOXBORO
220S-4F6 - FOXBORO
220S2F6 - FOXBORO
220S3F6 - FOXBORO
220S3F6C - FOXBORO
220S4F6 - FOXBORO
227S-3R6 - FOXBORO
227S3R6 - FOXBORO
230SE - FOXBORO
230SF - FOXBORO
230SM - FOXBORO
230SM-A - FOXBORO
230SM-H - FOXBORO
230SM-S-A - FOXBORO
230SM-T - FOXBORO
230SMA - FOXBORO
230SMH - FOXBORO
230SMSA - FOXBORO
230SMT - FOXBORO
235SA - FOXBORO
235SB - FOXBORO
235SJ-V - FOXBORO
235SJV - FOXBORO
235SK-LV - FOXBORO
235SK-V - FOXBORO
235SKLV - FOXBORO
235SKV - FOXBORO
235SM - FOXBORO
235SM-V - FOXBORO
235SMV - FOXBORO
250PE - FOXBORO
255PK-M2N - FOXBORO
255PKM2N - FOXBORO
2803-KARA-OH - FOXBORO
2803-SABA-TP - FOXBORO
2803KARAOH - FOXBORO
2803SABATP - FOXBORO
2804-KARA-OS - FOXBORO
2804-SBTA-TS - FOXBORO
2804KARAOS - FOXBORO
2804SBTATS - FOXBORO
2810-SABA-TBM-G - FOXBORO
2810SABATBMG - FOXBORO
2A-80-33-556-8-30 - FOXBORO
2A-80-35557 - FOXBORO
2A1T2V - FOXBORO
2A8033556830 - FOXBORO
2A8035557 - FOXBORO
2AC - FOXBORO
2AC-R3 - FOXBORO
特別聲明:以上內(nèi)容(如有圖片或視頻亦包括在內(nèi))為自媒體平臺(tái)“機(jī)電號(hào)”用戶上傳并發(fā)布,本平臺(tái)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)服務(wù)
Notice: The content above (including the pictures and videos if any) is uploaded and posted by a user of JDZJ Hao, which is a social media platform and only provides information storage services.